A V2G Enabled Bidirectional Single/Three-Phase EV Charging Interface Using Modular Multilevel Buck PFC Rectifier

The battery charging power electronics interface of an electric vehicle (EV) must be capable bidirectional flow to enable both grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operations. In the presence a single/three-phase AC supply, front-end EV charger employs factor correction (PFC) rectifier, which should have capability facilitate V2G mode. A conventional active rectifier functions in boost mode while performing PFC voltage regulation. most currently available EVs, however, nominal is low and, hence, downstream high step-down DC-DC converter DC bus capacitor are required interface. To overcome these issues, this work proposes AC-to-DC buck topology that can operate G2V modes, single- three-phase versions. proposed utilizes switched capacitors principle achieve self-balancing voltages capacitors. addition, it highly modular structure. This paper describes topology, its working modulation applications. hardware proto model used validate control approach comparison with other topologies presented demonstrate competence.